现在是20年代了，计算机领域所有的指标都在变快。如何才能快速估算？

这里有一个估算系列的问题https://sirupsen.com/napkin/，以及需要的参数 https://github.com/sirupsen/napkin-math

作者在macbook2017拿到了一组数据

Operation Latency Throughput 1 MiB 1 GiB
Sequential Memory R/W (64 bytes) 5 ns 10 GiB/s 100 μs 100 ms
Hashing, not crypto-safe (64 bytes) 25 ns 2 GiB/s 500 μs 500 ms
Random Memory R/W (64 bytes) 50 ns 1 GiB/s 1 ms 1 s
Fast Serialization [8] [9] † N/A 1 GiB/s 1 ms 1s
Fast Deserialization [8] [9] † N/A 1 GiB/s 1 ms 1s
System Call 500 ns N/A N/A N/A
Hashing, crypto-safe (64 bytes) 500 ns 200 MiB/s 10 ms 10s
Sequential SSD read (8 KiB) 1 μs 4 GiB/s 200 μs 200 ms
Context Switch [1] [2] 10 μs N/A N/A N/A
Sequential SSD write, -fsync (8KiB) 10 μs 1 GiB/s 1 ms 1 s
TCP Echo Server (32 KiB) 10 μs 4 GiB/s 200 μs 200 ms
Sequential SSD write, +fsync (8KiB) 1 ms 10 MiB/s 100 ms 2 min
Sorting (64-bit integers) N/A 200 MiB/s 5 ms 5 s
Random SSD Seek (8 KiB) 100 μs 70 MiB/s 15 ms 15 s
Compression [3] N/A 100 MiB/s 10 ms 10s
Decompression [3] N/A 200 MiB/s 5 ms 5s
Serialization [8] [9] † N/A 100 MiB/s 10 ms 10s
Deserialization [8] [9] † N/A 100 MiB/s 10 ms 10s
Proxy: Envoy/ProxySQL/Nginx/HAProxy 50 μs ? ? ?
Network within same region [6] 250 μs 100 MiB/s 10 ms 10s
{MySQL, Memcached, Redis, ..} Query 500 μs ? ? ?
Random HDD Seek (8 KiB) 10 ms 70 MiB/s 15 ms 15 s
Network between regions [6] Varies 25 MiB/s 40 ms 40s
Network NA East <-> West 60 ms 25 MiB/s 40 ms 40s
Network EU West <-> NA East 80 ms 25 MiB/s 40 ms 40s
Network NA West <-> Singapore 180 ms 25 MiB/s 40 ms 40s
Network EU West <-> Singapore 160 ms 25 MiB/s 40 ms 40s

本篇文章长期翻译对应的议题文档。

  • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IxkSlnrRFqc