(译)讨论folly的静态注入技术:如何不改接口合法的访问私有成员函数？

class Widget {
private:
  void forbidden();
};

void hijack(Widget& w) {
  w.forbidden();  // ERROR!
}

class Calculator {
  float current_val = 0.f;
 public:
   void clear_value() { current_val = 0.f; };
   float value() const {
     return current_val;
   };

   void add(float x) { current_val += x; };
   void multiply(float x) { current_val *= x; };
};

using Operation = void (Calculator::*)(float);
Operation op1 = &Calculator::add;
Operation op2 = &Calculator::multiply;
Calculator calc{};
(calc.*op1)(123.0f); // Calls add
(calc.*op2)(10.0f);  // Calls multiply

class Widget {
 public:
  static auto forbidden_fun() {
    return &Widget::forbidden;
  }
 private:
  void forbidden();
};

void hijack(Widget& w) {
  using ForbiddenFun = void (Widget::*)();
  ForbiddenFun const forbidden_fun = Widget::forbidden_fun();

  // Calls a private member function on the Widget
  // instance passed in to the function.
  (w.*forbidden_fun)();
}

// The first template parameter is the type
// signature of the pointer-to-member-function.
// The second template parameter is the pointer
// itself.
template <
  typename ForbiddenFun,
  ForbiddenFun forbidden_fun
>
struct HijackImpl {
  static void apply(Widget& w) {
    // Calls a private method of Widget
    (w.*forbidden_fun)();
  }
};

// Explicit instantiation is allowed to refer to
// `Widget::forbidden` in a scope where it's not
// normally permissible.
template struct HijackImpl<
  decltype(&Widget::forbidden),
  &Widget::forbidden
>;

void hijack(Widget& w) {
  HijackImpl<decltype(&Widget::forbidden), &Widget::forbidden>::apply(w);
}

// HijackImpl is the mechanism for injecting the
// private member function pointer into the
// hijack function.
template <
  typename ForbiddenFun,
  ForbiddenFun forbidden_fun
>
class HijackImpl {
  // Definition of free function inside the class
  // template to give it access to the
  // forbidden_fun template argument.
  // Marking hijack as a friend prevents it from
  // becoming a member function.
  friend void hijack(Widget& w) {
    (w.*forbidden_fun)();
  }
};
// Declaration in the enclosing namespace to make
// hijack available for name lookup.
void hijack(Widget& w);

// Explicit instantiation of HijackImpl template
// bypasses access controls in the Widget class.
template class
HijackImpl<
  decltype(&Widget::forbidden),
  &Widget::forbidden
>;

namespace {
// This is a *different* type in every translation
// unit because of the anonymous namespace.
struct TranslationUnitTag {};
}

void hijack(Widget& w);

template <
  typename Tag,
  typename ForbiddenFun,
  ForbiddenFun forbidden_fun
>
class HijackImpl {
  friend void hijack(Widget& w) {
    (w.*forbidden_fun)();
  }
};

// Every translation unit gets its own unique
// explicit instantiation because of the
// guaranteed-unique tag parameter.
template class HijackImpl<
  TranslationUnitTag,
  decltype(&Widget::forbidden),
  &Widget::forbidden
>;